Decapoda
Descripción
El más conocido de los grupos de crustáceos y más importante comercialmente; a él pertenecen un cuarto de las especies totales de crustáceos, unas 10000, lo que los hace el grupo más grande dentro de la Clase.
Su característica más importante es la presencia de un caparazón que cubre cabeza y tórax (formando un cefalotórax) y también las cámaras branquiales laterales. De los ocho apéndices torácicos, los tres delanteros se han transformado en maxilípedos, pasando a cobrar función alimenticia, y los cinco pares restantes se emplean en la locomoción: su forma y uso dan nombre al grupo, los Decápodos.
Clasificación y especies de Decapoda
| Categoría | Nombre común | Taxones destacados | Núm. sp. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Acanthephyridae | Acanthephyra purpurea, Acanthephyra eximia, Acanthephyra pelagica, Acanthephyra curtirostris | 17 | |
| Albuneidae | Albunea carabus | 1 | |
 | Alpheidae | Alpheus glaber, Alpheus macrocheles, Athanas nitescens, Alpheus dentipes | 13 | |
| Aristeidae | Plesiopenaeus edwarsianus, Aristaeopsis edwardsiana, Aristaeomorpha foliacea, Aristeus antennatus | 6 | |
 | Astacidae | Austropotamobius pallipes, Pacifastacus leniusculus, Austropotamobius pallipes subsp. lusitanicus | 3 | |
 | Atelecyclidae | Atelecyclus rotundatus, Atelecyclus undecimdentatus | 2 | |
| Atyidae | Atyaephyra desmarestii | 1 | |
| Axiidae | Calocaris macandreae, Levantocaris hornungae, Axius stirhynchus, Calocarides coronatus | 5 | |
| Barbouriidae | Janicea antiguensis | 1 | |
| Bathypalaemonellidae | Bathypalaemonella serratipalma | 1 | |
| Benthesicymidae | Gennadas brevirostris, Benthesicymus brasiliensis, Bentheogennema intermedia, Gennadas elegans | 10 | |
| Bresiliidae | Bresilia atlantica | 1 | |
| Calappidae | Calappa granulata, Calappa pelii, Calappa galloides, Cryptosoma cristatum | 4 | |
 | Callianassidae | Callianassa subterranea, Pestarella tyrrhena, Pestarella candida, Callianassa truncata | 10 | |
 | Cambaridae | Procambarus clarkii, Orconectes limosus, Procambarus clarckii | 3 | |
 | Cancridae | Cancer bellianus, Cancer pagurus | 2 | |
 | Carcinidae | Carcinus maenas, Portumnus latipes, Carcinus aestuarii, Xaiva biguttata | 4 | |
| Chirostylidae | Uroptychus concolor, Uroptychus rubrovittatus, Uroptychus nitidus subsp. concolor, Gastroptychus formosus | 6 | |
| Corystidae | Corystes cassivelaunus | 1 | |
 | Crangonidae | Crangon crangon, Aegaeon cataphractus, Aegaeon lacazei, Philocheras trispinosus | 16 | |
| Cryptochiridae | Neotroglocarcinus balssi | 1 | |
| Cymonomidae | Cymonomus granulatus, Cymonomus normanni, Cymonomus normani | 3 | |
 | Diogenidae | Clibanarius erythropus, Diogenes pugilator, Calcinus tubularis, Paguristes rubropictus | 8 | |
| Domeciidae | Domecia africana | 1 | |
 | Dorippidae | Medorippe lanata | 1 | |
| Dromiidae | Dromia personata, Dromia marmorea | 2 | |
| Enoplometopidae | Enoplometopus antillensis, Enoplometopus callistus | 2 | |
 | Epialtidae | Herbstia condyliata, Pisa armata, Pisa tetraodon, Rochinia carpenteri | 13 | |
 | Eriphiidae | Eriphia verrucosa | 1 | |
| Ethusidae | Ethusa mascarone, Ethusa rosacea, Ethusina talismani | 3 | |
| Eumunididae | Eumunida bella | 1 | |
| Eurypalicidae | Machaerus atlanticus | 1 | |
 | Galatheidae | Galathea strigosa, Galathea squamifera, Galathea dispersa, Galathea intermedia | 11 | |
| Geryoniodae | Chaceon affinis, Geryon longipes, Chaceon maritae, Geryon affinis | 7 | |
| Glyphocrangonidae | Glyphocrangon sculpta, Glyphocrangon atlantica, Glyphocrangon longirostris | 3 | |
| Gnathophyllidae | Gnathophyllum elegans, Gnathophyllum americanum, Gnathophylleptum tellei | 3 | |
 | Goneplacidae | Goneplax rhomboides, Goneplax barnardi | 2 | |
 | Grapsidae | Pachygrapsus marmoratus, Planes minutus, Grapsus adscensionis, Grapsus grapsus | 7 | |
 | Hippolytidae | Hippolyte varians, Hippolyte huntii, Caridion gordoni, Latreutes fucorum | 28 | |
| Homolidae | Paromola cuvieri, Homola barbata, Homologenus boucheti | 3 | |
| Homolodromiidae | Dicranodromia mahieuxii | 1 | |
 | Inachidae | Macropodia rostrata, Inachus phalangium, Inachus dorsettensis, Inachus parvirostris | 22 | |
| Laomediidae | Jaxea nocturna | 1 | |
| Latreilliidae | Latreillia elegans | 1 | |
 | Leucosiidae | Ilia nucleus, Ebalia tuberosa, Ebalia nux, Ebalia deshayesi | 13 | |
| Lithodidae | Neolithodes grimaldii, Paralomis microps, Paralomis bouvieri | 3 | |
| Luciferidae | Lucifer typus | 1 | |
 | Majidae | Maja squinado, Maja brachydactyla, Eurynome spinosa, Maja crispata | 6 | |
 | Munididae | Munida rugosa, Munida gregaria, Munida microphthalma, Munida tenuimana | 12 | |
| Munidopsidae | Munidopsis polymorpha, Munidopsis serricornis, Leiogalathea agassizii, Munidopsis marionis | 14 | |
| Nematocarcinidae | Nematocarcinus exilis, Nematocarcinus ensifer, Nigmatullinus acanthitelsonis, Nematocarcinus gracilipes | 4 | |
 | Nephropidae | Homarus gammarus, Nephrops norvegicus, Homarus americanus, Nephropsis atlantica | 4 | |
 | Ocypodidae | Afruca tangeri, Ocypode cursor | 2 | |
| Ogyrididae | Ogyrides rarispina | 1 | |
| Oplophoridae | Systellaspis braueri, Systellaspis debilis, Systellaspis pellucida, Oplophorus spinosus | 5 | |
| Oregonidae | Ergasticus clouei | 1 | |
| Oziidae | Eupilumnus africanus | 1 | |
 | Paguridae | Pagurus bernhardus, Pagurus prideauxi, Anapagurus hyndmanni, Pagurus anachoretus | 29 | |
 | Palaemonidae | Palaemon elegans, Periclimenes sagittifer, Balssia gasti, Palaemon serratus | 30 | |
| Palicidae | Palicus caronii | 1 | |
 | Palinuridae | Palinurus elephas, Palinurus mauritanicus, Panulirus echinatus, Panulirus regius | 4 | |
| Pandalidae | Heterocarpus grimaldii, Heterocarpus ensifer, Plesionika edwardsii, Plesionika edwardsi | 20 | |
| Panopeidae | Dyspanopeus sayi, Rhithropanopeus harrisii, Panopeus africanus | 3 | |
| Parapaguridae | Oncopagurus bicristatus, Parapagurus alaminos, Parapagurus pilosimanus, Paragiopagurus ruticheles | 9 | |
| Parastacidae | Cherax destructor | 1 | |
 | Parthenopidae | Spinolambrus macrochelos, Velolambrus expansus, Derilambrus angulifrons, Parthenopoides massena | 5 | |
| Pasiphaeidae | Parapasiphae sulcatifrons, Pasiphaea multidentata, Pasiphaea sivado, Pasiphaea tarda | 10 | |
| Penaeidae | Penaeus kerathurus, Parapenaeus longirostris, Penaeus japonicus, Penaeus monodon | 8 | |
 | Percnidae | Percnon gibbesi | 1 | |
 | Pilumnidae | Pilumnus hirtellus, Pilumnus inermis, Pilumnopeus africanus, Pilumnus spinifer | 6 | |
 | Pinnotheridae De Haan, 1833 | Pinnotheres pisum, Nepinnotheres pinnotheres, Afropinnotheres monodi, Pinnotheres pinotheres | 4 | |
 | Pirimelidae | Pirimela denticulata, Sirpus zariquieyi | 2 | |
| Plagusiidae | Plagusia depressa, Euchirograpsus liguricus | 2 | |
 | Polybiidae | Necora puber, Polybius henslowii, Liocarcinus navigator, Liocarcinus pusillus | 16 | |
| Polychelidae | Willemoesia leptodactyla, Stereomastis sculptus, Stereomastis sculpta, Pentacheles laevis | 11 | |
 | Porcellanidae | Porcellana platycheles, Pisidia longicornis, Pisidia longimana, Pisidia bluteli | 4 | |
 | Portunidae | Portunus hastatus, Callinectes exasperatus, Callinectes sapidus, Charybdis feriata | 7 | |
 | Processidae | Processa canaliculata, Processa edulis subsp. crassipes, Processa edulis, Processa nouveli | 17 | |
| Progeryonidae | Paragalene longicrura | 1 | |
| Pseudoziidae | Euryozius bouvieri | 1 | |
| Rhynchocinetidae | Cinetorhynchus rigens | 1 | |
 | Scyllaridae | Scyllarus arctus, Acantharctus posteli, Scyllarides latus, Scyllarus pygmaeus | 6 | |
| Sergestidae | Allosergestes pectinatus, Allosergestes sargassi, Petalidium obesum, Sergestes atlanticus | 23 | |
| Sicyoniidae | Sicyonia carinata | 1 | |
| Solenoceridae | Metapenaeus affinis, Solenocera membranacea, Hymenopenaeus debilis, Hymenopenaeus chacei | 5 | |
| Spongicolidae | Spongicoloides koehleri | 1 | |
 | Squillidae | Squilla mantis | 1 | |
| Stenopodidae | Richardina fredericii, Odontozona edwardsi, Stenopus spinosus, Odontozona addaia | 5 | |
| Stylodactylidae | Stylodactylus serratus | 1 | |
| Thiidae | Thia scutellata | 1 | |
 | Upogebiidae | Upogebia pusilla, Upogebia deltaura, Upogebia mediterranea, Upogebia tipica | 4 | |
 | Varunidae | Asthenognathus atlanticus, Eriocheir sinensis, Brachynotus sexdentatus, Hemigrapsus takanoi | 7 | |
 | Xanthidae | Xantho hydrophilus, Xantho pilipes, Xantho poressa, Platypodiella picta | 13 | |
Bibliografía y más información
Artículo científico
- The New Tree of Eukaryotes. Fabien Burki, Andrew J. Roger, Matthew W. Brown & Alastair G.B. Simpson. 2020. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Vol. 35, No. 1
- The Revised Classification of Eukaryotes. Adl & al.. 2012. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol., 59(5), 2012 pp. 429-493
