Actinolita

Características generales

Fórmula: {Ca₂}{Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Sistema de cristalización: Monoclínico
Lustre: Vítreo
Color: Grey green, green black, green or black
Dureza: 5-6
Rareza: común
Características distintivas: Toughness (nephrite jade), fibrosity (asbestos), typical green colour, crystal habit and hardness.
Grupo de minerales: Amphibole Group

Clasificación

Estado IMA: Válido. Descrito con antelación a 1959 (pre-IMA), se considera un mineral clásico o histórico (grandfathered)

Nickel-Strunz : 09.DE.10

9: Silicatos
09.D: Inosilicatos
09.DE: Inosilicatos con cadena doble de 2-periodo, Si_{4_{O₁₁; Clinoanfíboles}}

Dana 8th ed. : 66.1.3a.2

Formación y ambiente

Metamorphic rocks.

Magmatic (ultra-basic), metamorphic (regional/thermal), pegmatitic (granite), post magmatic, secondary

Propiedades fisicas

Hábito: Radial, massive, granular, fibrous, columnar or bladed

Lustre: Vítreo

Transparencia: Transparente, Opaco

Color: Grey green, green black, green or black

Color en sección fina: Incolora

Raya: Blanco

Dureza (Mohs): 5-6

Tenacidad: Frágil, astillosa

Exfoliación::

Primera exfoliación: Perfecta en [110]
Segunda exfoliación: Perfecta en [110]
Tercera exfoliación: Perfecta

Fractura: Subconcoidal - Irregular

Densidad: 3-3,1 g/cm³ (medida) | 2,52 g/cm³ (calculada)

Cristalografía

Sistema cristalino:

Monoclínico

Clase (H-M): 2m (2/m) - Prismática

Grupo espacial: C2/m

Parámetros de la celda: a=9,84Å b=18,1Å c=5,28Å

Estructura del cristal: β=104,7º

Volumen de unidad de celda: V 909,61Å

Z: 2

Difracción de Rayos X:

Difracción de Rayos X
D(hkl)	Intensidad
8,38	100
3,12	100
2,71	90

Propiedades ópticas

Tipo: Biaxial (-)

Valores RI: n_α= 1,613 - 1,628; n_β= 1,627 - 1,644; n_γ= 1,638 - 1,655

2V: medida: 78º - 80

Máxima birrefringencia: δ = 0,027

Dispersión: Débil, r<v

Pleocroismo: Pleiocroico
X: Very pale yellow, colourless, pale brown, or light green
Y: Greenish yellow, pale yellow green, pale brown, or bluish green
Z: Pale green, green, dark green, or pale bluish green

Propiedades químicas

Fórmula: {Ca₂}{Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

Elementos químicos: Ca, Mg, Fe, Si, O, H

Composición química: H: 0,23%, Fe: 12,76%, Si: 25,66%, O: 43,86%, Mg: 8,33%, Ca: 9,16%,

Tests químicos

Fusibilidad: 3; Mineral tipo: Almandino; Punto de fusión: 1050ºC; Funde con mechero solo trozos pequeños
Reacción a los ácidos: Insoluble en ácidos.
Formación de sublimados: Fuses to a grey-green glass.

Otras propiedades

Magnetismo: Magnetic after heating

Relaciones con otros minerales

Miembro del grupo de minerales: Amphibole Group

Minerales pertenecientes al Amphibole Group

Mineral	Fórmula	Sistema	Dureza	Color	Raya	Brillo
Actinolita	{Ca₂}{Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Monoclínico	5-6	Blanco	Vítreo
Ferro-edenita	{Na}{Ca₂}{Fe₅²⁺}(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Monoclínico	5-6	Verde	Vítreo
Ferro-hornblenda	{Ca₂}{Fe₄²⁺Al}(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH)₂	Monoclínico	5-6	De verde oscuro a negro, pardo verdoso, más raramente verde claro.	Verde grisáceo pálida, blanco grisácea	Vítreo
Grunerita	{Fe₂²⁺}{Fe₅²⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Monoclínico	5-6	Incolora	Vítreo - perlado
Manganocummingtonita	{Mn₂²⁺}{Mg₅}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Monoclínico	5-6	Blanco	Vítreo
Tremolita	{Ca₂}{Mg₅}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂	Monoclínico	5-6	Blanco, pardo, incoloro, gris, verde claro, verde, amarillo claro, violeta rosado.	Blanco	Vítreo - perlado

Minerales acompañantes

Mineral	Fórmula	Sistema	Dureza	Color	Raya	Brillo
Albita	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	Triclínico	6-7	De blanco a gris, azulado, verdoso, rojizo.	Blanco	Vítreo
Calcita	CaCO₃	Trigonal	3	Incoloro puro; ofrece varias tonalidades de gris, amarillo, marrón, rojo, verde, azul y negro cuando hay impurezas presentes	Blanco	Vítreo
Epidota	{Ca₂}{Al₂Fe³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)	Monoclínico	6-7	Verde pistacho, amarillo verdoso a negro.	Blanco grisáceo	Vítreo
Glaucophane	◻[Na₂][Mg₃Al₂]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂	Monoclínico	6-6,5	Vítreo - perlado
Lawsonita	CaAl₂(Si₂O₇)(OH)₂·H₂O	Cúbico	7-8	Blanco	Vítreo - graso
Moscovita	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Monoclínico	2.5	Transparente e incoloro, si bien en bloques gruesos puede ser traslúcida con tonalidades claras amarillas, pardas, verdes o rojas.	Blanco	Vítreo
Ortosa	K(AlSi₃O₈)	Monoclínico	6	Incoloro, verduzco, rosa, blanco, amarillo grisáceo	Blanco	Vítreo
Talco	Mg₃(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂	Monoclínico	1-1,5	Verde pálido, blanco, negro, rosado y amarillento.	Blanco	Vítreo - perlado

Yacimientos y localidades de interés

Localidades

Boddington, Mt Saddleback, Western Australia, Australia
Cygnet, Tasmania, Australia
Moonta mines, South Australia, Australia
Mt Cleveland Mine, Luina, Tasmania, Australia
Proprietary mine, Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia
Wallaroo mines, South Australia, Australia
Knappenwald, Untersulzbachtal, Salzburg, Austria
Schellgaden, Salzburg, Austria
Schwaz-Brixlegg, Tyrol, Austria
Brumado mine, Sierra as Eguas, Bahia, Brazil
Pedra Preta pit, Brumado mine, Sierra as Eguas, Bahia, Brazil
Bessemer Mine, Mayo Township, Bancroft, Hastings Co., Ontario, Canada
Evans-Lou pegmatite, near St-Pierre-de-Wakefield, Portland Twp., Papineau Co., Québec, Canada
Francon quarry, St-Michel distr., Montreal Island, Québec, Canada
Graphite Road Roadcut, Monteagle Township, Bancroft, Hastings Co., Ontario, Canada
Jeffrey pit, Asbestos, Shipton Twp., Richmond Co., Québec, Canada
Montréal, Québec, Canada
Mt St.-Hilaire, Rouville Co., Québec, Canada
Poudrette quarry, Mt St.-Hilaire, Rouville Co., Québec, Canada
York River Skarn, Dungannon Township, Bancroft, Hastings Co., Ontario, Canada
Medenec (Kupferberg), Chomutov, Krusne Hory, Vychodocesky, Czech Republic
Raná, Zdar nad Sazavou, Jihormoravsky, Czech Republic
Smrcina, Sobotin, Sumperk, Maehren, Czech Republic
Belstone Consols, Devon, England
Bowder Stone, Borrowdale, Cumbria, England
Carrick Du quarry, St. Ives, Cornwall, England
Clicker Tor quarry, Menheniot, Cornwall, England
Delabole Slate quarry, Tintagel, Cornwall, England
Dolcoath mine, Camborne, Illogan, Cornwall, England
Great Retallack mine, Perranzabuloe, Cornwall, England
Haytor mine, Ilsington, Dartmoor, Devon, England
Honister Slate Quarry, Honister Pass, Cumbria, England
New Aplite Quarry, Meldon, Okehampton, Devon, England
Shap Blue Quarry, Shap, Cumbria, England
Sinen Gill, Cumbria, England
Thurstaston Beach, Wirral, Merseyside, England
Wallow Crag Quarry, Haweswater, Cumbria, England
Wheal Maudlin, Lanlivery, Cornwall, England
Bärensteinbruch quarry, Radautal, Bad Harzburg, Harz Mts, Sachsen, Germany
Daniel mine, Schneeberg, Sachsen, Germany
Erzgebirge, Thüringen, Germany
St. Andreasberg, Hartz Mts, Niedersachsen, Germany
Fiskenaesset, Greenland
Fiskenaesset, Nuuk, Greenland
Co. Donegal, Ireland
Sondrio, Italy
Val Malenco, Valtellina, Sondrio, Lombardia, Italy
Batopilas district, Chihuahua, Mexico
Kombat mine, Tsumeb, Otavi, Namibia
Kongsberg, Buskerud, Norway
Selasvann, Aust-Agder, Norway
Vegaardshei, Aust-Agder, Norway
Alchuri, Shigar Valley, Skardu Road, Gilgat, Pakistan
Aldan Shield, Yakutiya, Siberia, Russia
Dal'negorsk, Primorskiy Kray, Russia
Dodo mine, Polar Urals, Tyumen Oblast, Russia
Polar Urals, Tyumen Oblast, Russia
Puiva, Saranpual, Polar Urals, Russia
Coire Buidhe, Glen Creran, Argyll & Bute, Scotland
Isle Ornsay, Isle of Skye, Scotland
Scourie, Sutherland, Scotland
Graubünden, Switzerland
Area mines, Brindletown, Burke Co., North Carolina, USA
Area mines, Flat Rock, Mitchell Co., North Carolina, USA
Asbestos Mine, Pelham, Hampshire Co., Massachusetts, USA
Bare Hills, Baltimore, Baltimore Co., Maryland, USA
Bayer-Mingolla Quarry, Ashland, Norfolk Co., Massachusetts, USA
Beacon Pole Hill/Iron Mine Hill/Diamond Hill etc, Cumberland Area, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Bell Pit, Newry, Oxford Co., Maine, USA
Bershire Talc Company mines, Hinsdale, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts, USA
Betts Manganese Mine, Plainfield, Hampshire Co., Massachusetts, USA
Bisbee, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA
Blue Mountain, Virginia, USA
Calumet Iron Mine, Salida, Chaffee Co., Colorado, USA
Calumet Mine, Turret District, Chaffee Co., Colorado, USA
Carlton mine, Chester, Windham Co., Vermont, USA
Carlton Talc Quarry, Chester, Windsor Co., Vermont, USA
Carson Hill/New Melones Lake, Calaveras Co., California, USA
Chester Emery mine, Chester, Hampden Co., Massachusetts, USA
Chester, Vermont, USA
Christmas Mine, Hayden, Gila Co., Arizona, USA
Coarse Gold, Madera, California, USA
Conklin quarry, Lincoln, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Copper Hill Area mines, Ducktown, Polk Co., Tennessee, USA
Copper King Mine, Red Feathers Lake Area, Larimer Co., Colorado, USA
Copper Queen Mine, Bisbee, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA
Cornwall, Lebanon Co., Pennsylvania, USA
Corundum Hill Area, Franklin (Mason Mountain), Macon Co., North Carolina, USA
Coventry Area, Kent Co., Rhode Island, USA
Cranston Graphite mine, Cranston, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Davis Soapstone Quarry, Saxons River, Windsor Co., Vermont, USA
Dexter quarry, Lincoln, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Diamond Hill/Sneech Pond Copper Mines, Cumberland, Rhode Island, USA
Eagle Mountain Mine Area, Riverside Co., California, USA
Ecton Mine etc, Perkiomenville Area, Montgomery Co., Pennsylvania, USA
El Portal Area, Mariposa Co., California, USA
Erin, Clay Co., Alabama, USA
Fairfax Quarry, Centreville, Fairfax Co., Virginia, USA
Fenners Ledge, Cranston, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Foote Spodumene Mine, Kings Mountain, Cleveland Co., North Carolina, USA
French Creek Mines, Knauertown, Chester Co., Pennsylvania, USA
General Area, Franklin, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA
General, Mesabi Iron Range, Itasca & St.Louis Co., Minnesota, USA
Goodall/Webster, Sanford, York Co., Maine, USA
Goose Creek Quarry, Loudoun Co., Virginia, USA
Grace Mine, Morgantown, Berks Co., Pennsylvania, USA
Gray Thorne, Graham Co., Arizona, USA
Great Western Mine, Middletown, Napa Co., California, USA
Green Mountain Mine, Prince of Wales Island, Alaska, USA
Hanover, Grant Co., New Mexico, USA
Hawthorne, Mineral Co., Nevada, USA
Highland Commercial Drive, Cumberland, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Hill Top Mine, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA
Hilltop mine, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA
Horseshoe Island Calc-Silicate locality, Winthrop, Kennebec Co., Maine, USA
Hunting Hill quarry, Rockville, Montgomery Co., Maryland, USA
Iron Mine Hill quarry, Cumberland, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Iron Mountain Mine, Iron Mountain, Missouri, USA
Italian Mt. Area, Aspen, Gunnison Co., Colorado, USA
Jensen Quarry, Riverside Co., California, USA
Johnston, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
Jumbo Copper mine, Prince of Wales Island, Alaska, USA
Keystone Quarry, Cornog, Chester Co., Pennsylvania, USA
Laytonville Quarry, Laytonville, Mendocino Co., California, USA
Lime Quarry, Bolton, Worcester Co., Massachusetts, USA
Lincoln, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
local Quarries, Haddam, Middlesex Co., Connecticut, USA
Luning, Mineral Co., Nevada, USA
Lynch quarry, Berkeley, Cumberland, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Magdalena district, Socorro Co., New Mexico, USA
Mahopac Iron Mine, Brewster, Putnam Co., New York, USA
Manton Avenue quarry, Providence, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Manton, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Manville quarry, Cumberland, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Massachusetts Talc Company mine, Rowe, Franklin Co., Massachusetts, USA
McLear Quarry, DeKalk Township, St.Lawrence Co., New York, USA
Menominee Range, Dickinson & Iron Co., Michigan, USA
Middletown, Newport Co., Rhode Island, USA
Morgantown, Burke Co., North Carolina, USA
New Cornelia Mine, Ajo, Pima Co., Arizona, USA
New Idria serpentine, Coalinga, Fresno Co., California, USA
North Mountain Serpentine locality, Cheshire, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts, USA
Ochee Springs, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Ore Knob Copper Mine, Ashe, Ashe Co., North Carolina, USA
Osborne Soapstone quarry, Blandford, Hampden Co., Massachusetts, USA
Oxford Granite quarry, Oxford, Oxford Co., Maine, USA
Oxford Stone Company, Bridgeville, Cumberland Co., New Jersey, USA
Penn mines, Carbon Co., Wyoming, USA
Pine Creek Mine, Bishop, Inyo Co., California, USA
Pipestone Pass Area, Bald Mts. Area, Jefferson Co., Montana, USA
Pitts-Tenney mine, Minot, Androscoggin Co., Maine, USA
Poker Hill, Ashton, Cumberland, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Providence, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Pulga deposit, North Fork, Feather river, Butte Co., California, USA
Reading Talc Mine, Reading, Windsor Co., Vermont, USA
Rians Quarry, Felch, Dickinson Co., Michigan, USA
Rich Mts. Area, Watauga Co., North Carolina, USA
Rockport, Cape Ann, Essex Co., Massachusetts, USA
Romur tungsten area, Fremont Co., Wyoming, USA
Sedalia Copper Mine, Sedalia, Chaffee Co., Colorado, USA
Shelby, Cleveland Co., North Carolina, USA
Sneech Pond Copper mine, Cumberland, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Snow/Sackett/Marcia/Old/Melvin/Wright Mines etc, Chester, Hampden Co., Massachusetts, USA
Spruce Pine, Mitchell Co., North Carolina, USA
Staples Road Manganese bed, Cumberland, Providence Co., Rhode Island, USA
Surl, Person Co., North Carolina, USA
Tilcon Capaldi quarry, Acushnet, Bristol Co., Massachusetts, USA
Tilly Foster Mine, Brewster, Putnam Co., New York, USA
Unnammed Quartz propspects, Chester, Hampden Co., Massachusetts, USA
Webster, Jackson Co., North Carolina, USA
Willow Creek Area, Pecos, San Miguel Co., New Mexico, USA

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